We use biometric system to identify and verify a person. There are different techniques that we can use for this purpose.
- Face Recognition: We should be able to recognize people by the face automatically. There are specific facial features that we can consider, such as pattern, unique shape, chin, jaw line, cheekbones position, width of the nose, distance between the eyes and others. We could also measure the accuracy of facial recognition by checking the lip and mouth movements. Cafe recognition should help us collect data from the face, because each person has unique facial features.
- Hand Geometry: Hand is unique for each individual. There are subtle physical characteristics that can be used to identify a person. Machines can analyze the image of a finger by examining its branches, bifurcations and endings. The hand of an individual could also be examined based on its surface area, thickness, width and length. We could use this for different applications, such as checking attendance and other controlling purposes.
- Eye Recognition: With proper eye recognition technique, it is possible for us to scan iris and retina in eye. With retina scan, we can map the capillary patterns of our retina. There are 400 points in our eyes that can be scanned using the retina recognition technique. Iris analysis checks the colored ring of our eye and it is a highly reliable technology that can be applied in different areas. Users are required to focus their eyes on the sensor and a beam of light will be released to help scan the eyes.
- Voice Biometrics: Voice can be used to identify or verify a person. Microphone of a mobile device or computer can be used to analyze the unique characteristics of users’ voices. This technique is usually used in various telephone-based or chat applications. Voice recognition should be easy to implement and users don’t need any kind of training to perform it. To become authorized, users can speak specific passphrases on the microphone. The software will check specific characteristics, such as tone and pitch of the voice.
- Signature Verification: This technique can be used to analyze the written signature of an individual. Characteristics that we can examine including pressure applied, stroke length, acceleration rate and speed. To capture the data for this analysis, we should use a special pen to recognize different movements. A special tablet can also measure the duration the pen touches it, acceleration, pressure and curves. However, signatures may vary slightly over time, so the system should be able to detect this tendency as well.
There are other biometric techniques that we can use, such as keystroke. This method relies on the fact that people have different patterns when they type on the keyboard. People also have unique vascular and vein patterns on their face and hands; these characteristics can be applied in the biometric field. Tracks in the nails are different and they can be identified. DNA patterns are one of the most complex and expensive to apply; but it is considered as the most accurate biometrics technique.